![]() ![]() ![]() If the need for institutional care arrives, people may move to a nursing home and be cared for by nurses and other health care professionals. When these are not available, but the patient is still living independently at home, professional help by, for example, case managers, district nurses, and meal delivery services may be needed upon the indication of a patient’s general practitioner. In the early phases, such support is often provided by partners, children, friends, or other relatives. In follow-up phases, where people need extended home care or institutional care, the need for personalized support increases. ĭuring the period of normal cognitive decline without the need for additional care, people may benefit from personalized support. In this period after diagnosis of AD, the period for need for home care typically lasts 3.7-4.7 years and for institutional care, 2.2-3.2 years. The duration of survival after AD diagnosis is 10.2 years for men aged 65 years and 13.2- years for women of the same age. For the latter category, the period between first serious cognitive complaints and the diagnosis of dementia can be 10 years and depends on many factors such as age, sex, and general physical premorbid condition. This gradation in cognitive abilities does not suggest a necessary sequence of normal cognitive slowing to mild cognitive impairment to dementia most people will only experience normal cognitive slowing upon aging, some will develop mild cognitive impairment and some will develop dementia. If the functional abilities of patients are still essentially preserved while their cognitive abilities are in between those associated with normal aging and dementia, people are typically diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most commonly diagnosed form of dementia. Although some degree of cognitive slowing is typical of normal aging, when the acquired cognitive impairment has become severe enough to compromise social or occupational functioning, the diagnosis of dementia is typically established. Older adults often complain about amnesia or increasing memory problems, although these cognitive changes affect some individuals more than others. ![]()
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